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Bumrungrad Health Blog

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Gastric Cancer Screening 2025: Updated American Guidelines & Early Detection

Gastric cancer remains a significant global health concern, with a 5-year survival rate of just 32% in many countries. However, early detection drastically improves survival rates.

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2025 Flu Vaccine, New Strains

Influenza Vaccine Strains The 2025 quadrivalent influenza vaccine for the Southern Hemisphere The influenza vaccine strains vary each year, with recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO) of the influenza virus strains in the vaccine composition.

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Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) Vaccine

BCG or Bacillus Calmette-Guérin is a vaccine against tuberculosis. It is prepared from a strain of the attenuated live bovine tuberculosis bacillus, Mycobacterium bovis, which has lost its virulence in humans. The vaccine is 70-80% effective against the most severe forms of tuberculosis (TB).

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Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE): The Hidden Cause of Swallowing Difficulties

Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune disease that affects the esophagus, leading to inflammation and difficulty swallowing. Often mistaken for acid reflux, EoE is triggered by allergens that cause the immune system to overreact.

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Yellow fever Vaccine

Yellow fever is a disease caused by an arbovirus (yellow fever virus), which is commonly found in Africa and South America. Yellow fever is spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. This disease cannot be transmitted through touch. Blood tests can detect yellow fever antibodies produced in response to the infection.

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Hepatitis A Vaccine

Hepatitis A virus is found in the stool and blood of people who are infected. It can range in severity from a mild illness lasting a few weeks to a severe illness lasting several months. Hepatitis A is usually spread by eating or drinking food or water contaminated with the virus and sometimes by close personal contact

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Typhoid Vaccine

Typhoid (typhoid fever) is a serious disease. It is caused by bacteria called Salmonella typhi. Generally, people get typhoid from consumption of contaminated food or drink. Some people who get typhoid become “carriers,” who can spread the disease to others.

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Meningococcal Vaccine

Meningococcal disease refers to any illness that is caused by Neisseria meningitidis bacteria. There are at least 12 types of N. meningitidis, called “serogroups.” Serogroups A, B, C, W, and Y cause most meningococcal disease. These bacteria live in the back of the nose and the throat without being ill, sometimes the bacteria invade the body and cause certain illnesses, which are known as meningococcal disease and are spread from person to person by sharing respiratory secretions.

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Tetanus Vaccine

Tetanus is a serious bacterial disease affecting the neuromuscular system and caused by a toxin (poison) produced by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. Tetanus is not spread from person to person.

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