Anal Fistulas: Causes, Treatments, and a Breakthrough Solution for Complex Cases
An
anal fistula is a small tunnel that forms between the inside of the anal canal and the skin near the anus. It often develops after an anal abscess that didn’t heal properly. While some fistulas are minor and easy to treat, others are more serious and require specialized surgical care — especially
complex anal fistulas.
What Is an Anal Fistula?
Anal fistulas can vary in depth, location, and complexity. Common signs include:
- Persistent pain and swelling near the anus
- Pus or fluid drainage
- Skin irritation or itching
- Difficulty sitting comfortably
What Makes a Fistula "Complex"?
A
complex anal fistula typically has:
- Multiple tracts or openings
- A deep or curved path through the sphincter muscles
- Recurrent symptoms despite previous surgery
- Associated abscesses or infection
- A location that risks bowel control if not properly treated
These cases need the expertise of a colorectal surgeon who can preserve sphincter function while ensuring long-term healing.
Treatment Options for Anal Fistulas
There are several surgical techniques for treating anal fistulas, depending on their complexity:
- Fistulotomy – Often used for simple fistulas, this involves cutting open the tract to allow healing.
- Seton Placement – A surgical thread is inserted to gradually drain infection or prepare for further surgery.
- Flap Procedures – Involves covering the internal opening with a flap of healthy tissue.
- Fibrin Glue or Plug – Less invasive methods used in select cases.
- LIFT Procedure – Ideal for complex fistulas and designed to protect bowel function.
LIFT: A Game-Changing Technique for Complex Anal Fistulas
LIFT (Ligation of the Intersphincteric Fistula Tract) is a minimally invasive surgery pioneered by Professor Arun Rojanasakul, who treats patients at Bumrungrad International Hospital.
- Preserves the anal sphincter – reduces risk of incontinence
- Minimally invasive – faster healing and less discomfort
- Highly effective – especially in patients with recurrent or complex fistulas
- Globally adopted – now a gold standard in advanced fistula care
Patients from around the world travel to Bumrungrad to be treated by
Emeritus Prof. Dr. Arun Rojanasakul, the
inventor of LIFT, and to access the expertise of our
Colorectal Surgery Center.
FAQs About LIFT Surgery for Anal Fistulas
Q: What is the LIFT procedure for anal fistulas?
A: LIFT (Ligation of the Intersphincteric Fistula Tract) is a minimally invasive surgery that treats complex anal fistulas while preserving the anal sphincter, reducing the risk of incontinence.
Q: Who should consider LIFT surgery?
A: Patients with complex, recurrent, or previously failed anal fistula surgeries are ideal candidates. A colorectal specialist can confirm if LIFT is the best option.
Q: What are the main benefits of LIFT surgery?
A: LIFT offers high success rates, minimal pain, no sphincter cutting, faster recovery, and excellent long-term results—improving comfort and quality of life.
Q: Why choose Bumrungrad for LIFT surgery?
A: At Bumrungrad International Hospital, LIFT is performed either by Emeritus Prof. Dr. Arun Rojanasakul himself—the inventor of the technique—or by expert surgeons trained by him, all supported by the specialized Colorectal Surgery Center team.
Regain Your Comfort and Quality of Life
If you’re suffering from a
chronic or recurrent anal fistula, or if previous surgeries didn’t work, it may be time to explore a
specialized solution. The
LIFT technique at Bumrungrad offers a safe, effective, and proven option.
Learn more about the Complex Anal Fistula Surgery Program at Bumrungrad Hospital
Reviewed by Dr. Navara Dusitanond
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Last modify: July 16, 2025