• Diabetes
• High blood pressure
• High levels of lipids and cholesterol
• Heart failure and heart attacks
• Strokes
• Sleep apnea
• Fatty liver, gallstones and gall bladder infection
• Heartburn or Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD)
• Asthma
• Pain in weight-bearing joints of the back, hips, knees and ankles
• Blood clots in the leg, which can move to the lungs and cause sudden death
• Pregnancy complications, including diabetes, high blood pressure, pre-eclampsia
• Abnormal menstruation and infertility in women
• Bladder problems
• Increased risks for certain cancers
• Being accident-prone
• Psychological problems and social difficulties
• Shortened life-expectancy

• Physical inactivity
• Overeating
• Hypothyroidism
• Genetics; obese parents are more likely to have obese children
• Cushing's syndrome

1.The healthy

Body Mass Index (BMI)
range for Asians is 18.5 - 23; above 23 is considered overweight;

BMI =   Weight (kg)
           --------------------
         Height in meters squared (m2)
 
Table showing the diagnosis of obesity and risk groups for comorbidities** using body mass index and waist circumference.

2. Waist circumference: Asian females should not exceed 80 cm; Asian males should not exceed 90 cm